long ago

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1832, John C. Calhoun became the first vice president of the United States to resign, stepping down because of differences with President Andrew Jackson.

1869 William Finley Semple of Mount Vernon, Ohio, patents chewing gum

1895, the world's first commercial movie screening takes place at the Grand Cafe in Paris

1945, Congress officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance.

1958 What might be called greatest NFL game, Colts beat Giants 23-17

1968 Beatles' "Beatles-White Album," goes #1 & stays #1 for 9 weeks

1973, Alexander Solzhenitsyn published "Gulag Archipelago," an expose of the Soviet prison system

1981 - The HBO pay cable television service expanded its schedule offering to 24 hours a day, seven days a week.